Dexamethasone Treatment Options

This study will evaluate the feasibility of using a sub-therapeutic dose of a fluorine-18 analogue of NP-59 (\[18F\]FNP-59) to image the adrenal gland. Some participants are healthy normal subjects but have undergone interventions to manipulate hormones while other participants have known adrenal pathology. Read Less

The purpose of this study is to test the anti-cancer activity of Teclistamab and to compare it with Lenalidomide + Dexamethasone combination in people with high risk smoldering multiple myeloma. People with smoldering multiple myeloma (SMM) usually do not have symptoms but are at risk for progressing to active multiple myeloma (MM). Multiple Myeloma is a cancer of the plasma cells, which are an important part of the immune system. Patients with active multiple myeloma generally require treatment but there are currently no approved therapies for smoldering multiple myeloma. The names of the study drugs involved in this study are: * Teclistamab * Lenalidomide (also called Revlimid) * Dexamethasone (also called Decadron) Read Less

Carboplatin, nab-paclitaxel, and nivolumab combination will be administered for three cycles of three weeks duration each. TORS or RT/CRT will be performed after induction chemotherapy (i.e. day 64 of therapy). Patients with low risk and small volume tonsillar disease (T1-T2, non-bulky N2A-N2B with ≤2 non-lower neck lymph nodes measuring ≤5 cm in size) or base of tongue disease (T1-2 with lateralized primary ≤3 cm, non-bulky N2A-N2B with ≤2 non-lower neck lymph nodes measuring ≤5 cm in size) who have ≥50% reduction by RECIST following induction chemotherapy will undergo TORS and selective nodal dissection. De-intensified adjuvant RT will be given for adverse pathologic features. Patients may refuse TORS treatment. Patients with low risk, who do not qualify for TORS (due to volume of disease or poor visualization/access) or refuse TORS, who have ≥50% reduction by RECIST following induction chemotherapy will be given de-intensified treatment with radiation alone to 50 Gy. Before induction chemotherapy, patients will undergo examination under anesthesia and direct laryngoscopy to tattoo and photograph the primary tumor to plan the post-induction resection. Adjuvant nivolumab will be offered to all patients for 6-months post completion of definitive therapy (7 doses given as a flat dose of 480mg, every four weeks). Read Less

This phase II trial studies the efficacy and safety of systemic induction of mFOLFIRINOX, followed by hepatic arterial infusion (HAI) floxuridine-dexamethasone administered concurrently with systemic mFOLFIRI in treating patients with liver-dominant intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) that cannot be removed by surgery (unresectable). Drugs used in chemotherapy regimens, such as mFOLFIRINOX and mFOLFIRI (Oxaliplatin, Irinotecan, Fluorouracil, Folinic acid, Floxuridine) work in different ways to stop the growth of tumor cells, either by killing the cells, by stopping them from dividing, or by stopping them from spreading. Delivering chemotherapy via HAI (hepatic arterial infusion) can allow for liver-directed treatment while limiting toxic side effects typically seen with traditional chemotherapy. Read Less

The overarching objective of this study is to use novel precision medicine strategies based on inherited and acquired leukemia-specific genomic features and targeted treatment approaches to improve the cure rate and quality of life of children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and acute lymphoblastic lymphoma (LLy). Primary Therapeutic Objectives: * To improve the event-free survival of provisional standard- or high-risk patients with genetically or immunologically targetable lesions or minimal residual disease (MRD) ≥ 5% at Day 15 or Day 22 or ≥1% at the end of Remission Induction, by the addition of molecular and immunotherapeutic approaches including tyrosine kinase inhibitors or chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell / blinatumomab for refractory B-acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) or B-lymphoblastic lymphoma (B-LLy), and the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib for those lacking targetable lesions. * To improve overall treatment outcome of T acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) and T-lymphoblastic lymphoma (T-LLy) by optimizing pegaspargase and cyclophosphamide treatment and by the addition of new agents in patients with targetable genomic abnormalities (e.g., activated tyrosine kinases or JAK/STAT mutations) or by the addition of bortezomib for those who have a poor early response to treatment but no targetable lesions, and by administering nelarabine to T-ALL and T-LLy patients with leukemia/lymphoma cells in cerebrospinal fluid at diagnosis or MRD ≥0.01% at the end of induction. * To determine in a randomized study design whether the incidence and/or severity of acute vincristine-induced peripheral neuropathy can be reduced by decreasing the dosage of vincristine in patients with the high-risk CEP72 TT genotype or by shortening the duration of vincristine therapy in standard/high-risk patients with the CEP72 CC or CT genotype. Secondary Therapeutic Objectives: * To estimate the event-free survival and overall survival of children with ALL and to assess the non-inferiority of TOTXVII compared to the historical control given by TOTXVI. * To estimate the event-free survival and overall survival of children with LLy when ALL diagnostic and treatment approaches are used. * To evaluate the efficacy of blinatumomab in B-ALL patients with end of induction MRD ≥0.01% to \<1% and those (regardless of MRD level or TOTXVII risk category) with the genetic subtypes of BCR-ABL1, ABL-class fusion, JAK-STAT activating mutation, hypodiploid, iAMP21, ETV6-RUNX1-like, MEF2D, TCF3-HLF, or BCL2/MYC or with Down syndrome, by comparing event-free survival to historical control from TOTXVI. * To determine the tolerability of combination therapy with ruxolitinib and Early Intensification therapy in patients with activation of JAK-STAT signaling that can be inhibited by ruxolitinib and Day 15 or Day 22 MRD ≥5%, Day 42 MRD ≥1%, or LLy patients without complete response at the End of Induction and all patients with early T cell precursor leukemia. Biological Objectives: * To use data from clinical genomic sequencing of diagnosis, germline/remission and MRD samples to guide therapy, including incorporation of targeted agents and institution of genetic counseling and cancer surveillance. * To evaluate and implement deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA) sequencing-based methods to monitor levels of MRD in bone marrow, blood, and cerebrospinal fluid. * To assess clonal diversity and evolution of pre-leukemic and leukemic populations using DNA variant detection and single-cell genomic analyses in a non-clinical, research setting. * To identify germline or somatic genomic variants associated with drug resistance of ALL cells to conventional and newer targeted anti-leukemic agents in a non-clinical, research setting. * To compare drug sensitivity of ALL cells from diagnosis to relapse in vitro and in vivo and determine if acquired resistance to specific agents is related to specific somatic genome variants that are not detected or found in only a minor clone at initial diagnosis. Supportive Care Objectives * To conduct serial neurocognitive monitoring of patients to investigate the neurocognitive trajectory, mechanisms, and risk factors. * To evaluate the impact of low-magnitude high frequency mechanical stimulation on bone mineral density and markers of bone turnover. There are several Exploratory Objectives. Read Less

The goal of this clinical study is to learn more about the safety and dosing of the study drug, magrolimab, in combination with other anticancer therapies in participants with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma. Read Less

This phase I trial tests the safety and side effects of SX-682 in combination with standard of care treatment carfilzomib, daratumumab-hyaluronidase, and dexamethasone in treating patients with multiple myeloma that has come back after a period of improvement (relapsed) or that has not responded to previous treatment (refractory). SX-682 works by blocking certain sites on cells that suppress the ability of the immune system to destroy tumor cells. Blocking those specific sites allows other cells of the immune system to become "free" to kill tumor cells. Carfilzomib may stop the growth of tumor cells by blocking some of the enzymes needed for cell growth. Daratumumab is in a class of medications called monoclonal antibodies. It binds to a protein called CD38, which is found on some types of immune cells and tumor cells, including myeloma cells. Daratumumab may block CD38 and help the immune system kill tumor cells, while hyaluronidase helps to deliver daratumumab to CD38-expressing tumor cells through a subcutaneous injection. Dexamethasone is in a class of medications called corticosteroids. It is known to kill myeloma cells and is also used to reduce inflammation and lower the body's immune response to monoclonal antibodies like dratumumab and help lessen its side effects. Giving SX-682 in combination with carfilzomib, daratumumab-hyaluronidase and dexamethasone may be safe and tolerable in treating patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma Read Less

Similar to the paradigm established in other hematologic malignancies that are considered curable, the achievement of MRD(-) status is necessary for long term disease control in MM. The fact that the majority of patients remain MRD (+) after induction therapy and AHCT points to the opportunity to deploy novel agents with complementary mechanism of action and favorable toxicity profile to reach and maintain MRD (-) status. Given its favorable toxicity profile, the convenience of oral administration, and compelling single agent activity even in heavily pretreated MM, iberdomide is likely amenable to long term therapy in patients with high-risk of relapse/progression identified by the persistence of MRD(+). The investigators intend to develop combination(s) of iberdomide with other agents with complementary mechanism of action in the consolidation setting post AHCT in order to achieve and sustain MRD (-). Read Less

The purpose of this study is to determine the most efficient and safest dexamethasone dose given perioperatively during total knee arthroplasty that reduces postoperative option consumption and pain, improves postoperative nausea and vomiting, and minimizes postoperative complications Read Less

Pain control and early range of motion following total knee arthroplasty are essential for patient satisfaction. Intraoperative steroids (dexamethasone) have been shown to have a significant effect in controlling acute pain following total knee arthroplasty. This study aims to evaluate the effect of a post-operative steroid (methylprednisolone) taper in improving functional and patient-reported outcomes following total knee arthroplasty. A taper means taking a high dose of a medication followed by taking lower doses and each following day until the medication is stopped. Read Less

The goal of this clinical research study is to find the recommended safe dose of TGFBR2 KO CAR27/IL-15 NK cells that can be given to patients with relapsed/refractory disease. The safety and effectiveness of this treatment will also be studied. Read Less

The purpose of this study to learn if high-dose dexamethasone, a type of long-acting steroid, works to decrease urinary symptoms and pain after ureteroscopy and stent placement for kidney stones. The main question it aims to answer is: 1) Does high-dose steroid change the quality of life score on day 2 after surgery Researchers will compare high-dose of dexamethasone (20 mg) to a standard dose of dexamethasone (4 mg) to see if a higher dose of the drug will help with urinary symptoms and pain Participants will: 1. randomly receive 20 mg or 4 mg of dexamethasone (20 mg) at the time of surgery 2. fill out a questionnaire day 1 and day 2 after surgery 3. fill out a medication diary for one week after surgery 4. visit the clinic on day 2 after surgery for checkup 5. visit the clinic on day 4-7 after surgery for check up Read Less