All Clinical Trials

The purposes of this study include: 1. To test if multiple upper extremity muscles represented within a discrete primary motor cortex site reflect existing muscle synergies after stroke. 2. To test if altered muscle synergies and intermuscular coordination are malleable to motor evoked potential conditioning that induces corticospinal plasticity for the targeted muscle, wrist extensor carpi radialis Read Less

Purpose: To determine whether 3-day consecutive exposures to levels of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) that are close to the current 24-hr national standard will cause changes in inflammatory and cardiopulmonary endpoints in healthy young individuals. Participants: 20 healthy males and females aged 18-35 years. Procedures (methods): Subjects will be randomly exposed to three consecutive days of filtered air (4 hr/day) and three consecutive days of PM2.5 (approximately 35 µg/m3; 4 hr/day) in an exposure chamber. Blood collection for inflammatory factors such as C-reactive protein (CRP), clotting factors; heart rate variability (HRV); spirometry; and a symptom questionnaire will be conducted before and after each exposure. Read Less

The purpose of the study is three-fold. The primary aim is to identify the proportion of Long-Haul COVID (LHC) and non-LHC volunteers with relevant symptoms actually have postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS). The second is to determine benefit of ivabradine treatment. Ivabradine is a drug approved to treat tachycardia in persons with heart failure. The third is to characterize risk factors and outcomes among volunteers with and without LHC. This will include comparison with COVID-19-positive individuals who did not develop long-COVID symptoms. The study will improve basic and applied knowledge of LHC and its associated cardiovascular and autonomic consequences. Cellular and molecular characterization of LHC and non-LHC participants will be performed with a nested clinical trial for Ivabradine responsiveness on reduction of tachycardia. It is hoped that a greater understanding of LHC, and related autonomic dysfunction in particular will help to identify treatment paradigms and therapeutic targets for improving recovery and enhancing health for those affected. Read Less

The overall goal of this pilot randomized trial is to obtain necessary prerequisite data to conduct a randomized controlled intervention to test the effect of vitamin K supplementation on knee osteoarthritis progression and related functional decline. To address critical parameters required to design this larger RCT, we will conduct a double-blind, 2-armed, parallel-group intervention study, with a placebo run-in, in which 50 adults with mild to moderate knee OA and low baseline vitamin K status will be randomly assigned to 1 mg phylloquinone/day or matching placebo, and treated for 6 months. Specifically, we will: (1) compare the effects of 1 mg/day phylloquinone vs. placebo on the non-functional circulating form of MGP; (2) estimate rates of recruitment and retention, follow-up rates and reasons for loss to follow-up, response rates to questionnaires, adherence/compliance rates, and potential for site differences; and (3) determine the responsiveness of the Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI)-recommended performance-based tests of physical function in adults with low vitamin K status and mild to moderate knee osteoarthritis. We will also obtain preliminary data on the distribution of MGP genotype at two clinical sites for effect size generation. Read Less

Characterizing orthodontic tooth movements in real time by using photographic scans to monitor teeth movement. The photographic scans will also be compared to 3D model scans. Canine retraction over the course of 1 orthodontic visit will be measured. Read Less

The goal of this study is to learn about how blood vessel dilation after exercise effects pulse wave reflection and influences the function of the heart in healthy young adults. The main question it aims to answer is: Are post-exercise decreases in reflected pulse waves due to a decrease in the stiffness of large arteries in the leg or an increase in leg blood flow? Participants will exercise on a stationary bicycle at a moderate intensity for 1 hour during two laboratory visits. Participants will take oral antihistamines to block post-exercise dilation at one visit, and they will take placebo pills at the other visit. At both visits, leg blood flow, pulse wave velocity, and heart function will be measured before exercise and for 120-minutes after exercise. Read Less

This study aims to identify and compare the effects of acute and chronic exercise interventions on cognition in middle-aged adults with cognitive complaints and a history of abuse or neglect in childhood. Each participant will be enrolled in the study for up to 78 days, in five parts following verification that the participant meets criteria to be included in the study: 1) initial assessment; 2) first acute exercise condition in lab, symptom measures, and neuropsychological testing; 3) second acute exercise condition in lab, symptom measures, and neuropsychological testing; and 4) 9-week exercise intervention or activity as usual outside of lab, with interview, symptom measures, and neuropsychological testing at three-week intervals. Read Less

This is an observational study of pregnant persons in threatened labor. The study device will record electromyography signals, then the signals will be examined to determine who is in true labor and who is in threatened labor. The two goals are: * To establish the thresholds for the Contraction Synchronization Index (CSI) and the False Labor Index (FSI) to be used by the Labor Status Monitor to diagnose in-Labor or Not-in-Labor for preterm patients with threatened labor * To obtain feedback from subjects and providers to assist with enhancing patient comfort and provider training. Read Less

The objective of the proposed study is to investigate the diagnostic accuracy of ED POCUS in pediatric traumatic thoracic injuries including traumatic pneumothorax, hemothorax, lung contusion, rib fractures, and pulmonary edema (from submersion injury). This will be a prospective, multicenter, observational study of children 0-21 years of age presenting to the participating pediatric emergency departments for suspected traumatic thoracic injury. Results of POCUS will be compared to that of chest X-ray, final clinical diagnosis, computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Study hypotheses are that POCUS is highly accurate (90-95%) when compared to chest X-ray, and moderately accurate (\~80%) when compared to CT or MRI in diagnosing these conditions. Read Less

Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have significantly higher levels of unemployment and underemployment compared to their typically developing peers and all other groups with neurodevelopmental disorders, even though major companies that have employed and trained young people with ASD acclaim their significant innovations in their companies. The investigators hope to examine the effects of specialized employment support programs, over current traditional vocational rehabilitation approaches, for adults with ASD on their ability to maintain steady employment and overall benefit to the organizations at which they will be employed. The investigators predict that Stanford University's Neurodiversity at Work (NaW) Program will improve employment outcomes and positively impact the overall quality of life of individuals with ASD in this program. The investigators hope that the findings of the study will lead to the advancement of programs aimed to support individuals with ASD. Read Less

To determine what proportion of patients have inferior angle recess dimensions that could accommodate the OTX-TIC, and what are risk factors for implant contact with the corneal endothelium. Read Less

This study will utilize 3D mapping as a tool to explore electro-anatomical and electrocardiographic characteristics of the Left Bundle Branch Area. We plan on prospectively reviewing the data found from 3D mapping the left bundle branch implantation cases and using the data to improve understanding of electro-anatomical characteristics of this area for a better definition of the implantation target and depth. Read Less