All Clinical Trials in Canada

This study will evaluate whether cardiac MRI T1 and T2 mapping improves our ability to detect early abnormalities in the heart in patients with Fabry disease and identify patients at increase risk of adverse events. Read Less

A flexible energy metabolism matched with the contractile needs of the muscle is essential to a normal heart. Loss of metabolic flexibility and cardiac systolic efficiency coexist in Sepsis-induced Myocardial Dysfunction (SIMD), a phenomenon attributed to mitochondrial dysfunction and mishandling of energy substrates. Cardiac positron emission tomography (PET) could allow to quantify non invasively the selection of energy substrates by the hearts in sepsis and will be associated in parallel with functional status (ultrasound cardiography), injury biomarkers, apelinergic and metabolomic blood profiles. Comparisons will be performed between septic and acute on chronic heart failures, with or without systolic dysfunction. Read Less

Antipsychotic (AP) medications are considered to be the gold standard treatment for psychotic disorders including schizophrenia. However, APs have also been commonly associated with serious metabolic adverse effects including weight gain and Type 2 Diabetes, with younger populations disproportionately affected. In addition, young individuals treated with these agents have also been found to be at high risk for glucose dysregulation, including higher rates of prediabetes, with significant associations found between AP use and insulin resistance. Due to the concerning prevalence of these AP metabolic effects, it becomes important to further elucidate the mechanisms underlying AP effects on glucose metabolism, which are still poorly understood. One potential underlying mechanism is insulin which has been found to regulate hepatic (liver) glucose production through insulin receptors in the brain. These insulin receptors also play a role in neuronal growth and memory, or more broadly, cognition. Preliminary data in rat models has demonstrated that the AP olanzapine (OLA) inhibits the ability of a central insulin stimulus (acting at the level of the brain) to decrease endogenous glucose production (EGP), making this mechanism a prime target to translate from rodent models to human research. Furthermore, intranasal insulin (INI) administration (an analogous central insulin stimulus) has been repeatedly associated with improved cognitive performance for verbal memory and visuospatial functions in humans. Given these findings and with the goal of translational research, the present study will investigate OLA's effects in healthy human volunteers including: (a) the ability of INI to reduce EGP during a pancreatic euglycemic clamp (PEC; a glucose metabolism and insulin procedure); and (b) the ability of INI to improve cognitive performance. More specifically, the present study hypothesizes that: 1. INI will be associated with a decrease in EGP relative to intranasal placebo (INP) as measured by the PEC. This effect will be inhibited if OLA is co-administered. 2. OLA administration will be associated with decrements in cognitive measures (i.e., visuospatial, and verbal memory) as compared to placebo (PL). Additionally, OLA co-administration will block the beneficial effects of INI on cognition previously supported by other studies. 3. INI will result in adaptive changes in neurochemical and neurohemodynamic measures as studied using MRI imaging techniques. Read Less

Background: Cystoscopy is a routine diagnostic test often performed in the outpatient Urology setting. However, patients may sometimes feel pain and anxiety during this procedure. Distraction therapies, including patient preferred music and classical music may reduce pain and anxiety associated with cystoscopy. However, it is unclear if patient preferred music has greater positive outcomes for patients than classical music. Hypothesis: We hypothesize that patient preferred music during flexible cystoscopies will reduce patient self-reported pain and anxiety scores when compared to classical music and absence of music. Objective: To assess whether a patient's preferred music reduces pain and anxiety during cystoscopies when compared to classical music and the absence of music Methods: This is a prospective randomized control study where patients undergoing flexible cystoscopy in the outpatient Urology clinic will be randomly assigned to one of three groups: Preferred music, classical music, or no music for their procedure. Differences in pain and anxiety will be assessed between groups using the Visual Analog Scale and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory scale. Potential Benefits: Identifying and understanding non-pharmacological interventions that can reduce pain and anxiety during cystoscopies is an important task that will allow urologists to better manage these patients. Read Less

This is a multi-centre, prospective cohort study to determine if asymptomatic PFO is a risk factor for developing perioperative overt and covert stroke in patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery. Read Less

The main objective of this randomized controlled trial (RCT) is to investigate whether a multimodal prehabilitation intervention combining a mixed-nutrient supplement with structured exercise training (MM) or the supplement alone (NUT), against a placebo (CTRL), leads to improvement in functional capacity and postoperative outcomes in surgical patients with lung cancer, at nutritional risk. This will be tested in a single centre RCT of 3 parallel arms, double-blinded for the supplement. Female and male participants (n=168, \>=45 y) will be randomized to a 10-week intervention spanning 4 weeks pre-surgery and 6 weeks post-hospital discharge. The primary outcome is functional capacity as measured by the 6-minute walk test. Secondary outcomes include muscle mass, quality and strength, quality of life, length of hospital stay, and postoperative complications. Read Less

The maintenance of lean body mass, especially skeletal muscle, is vital for optimal health and performance across the lifespan. The protein component of lean body mass is in a constant state of turnover, involving the simultaneous breakdown of old and/or damaged proteins and the synthesis of new proteins. These processes collectively determine if someone gains or loses lean body mass. Eating a protein-rich meal or performing resistance exercise can stimulate protein synthesis to gain lean body mass. Stable isotope "tracers" are amino acid building blocks that are slightly heavier than those naturally found in the body. In research, these are often used to assess changes in protein turnover in response to feeding and/or exercise. However, traditional stable isotope tracer methods involve the intravenous delivery of a tracer with blood sampling and muscle biopsies, which may be cumbersome or unfeasible for some for participants. The investigators have recently developed and validated a non-invasive 'breath test' in males that measures the efficiency of the body for using amino acids in food to build new body proteins. The principle of this method is that leucine, an essential amino acid that the body must acquire from normal diet, can be used to build new body proteins or as a source of energy (i.e., oxidized). Since leucine is preferentially used in skeletal muscle, skeletal muscle protein metabolism can be non-invasively inferred . Any leucine "tracer" that is oxidized can be detected and measured in the carbon dioxide exhaled. It has been observed that less dietary leucine is oxidized when active males perform a bout of resistance exercise, meaning more was used to build muscle proteins. When performed habitually, resistance exercise can help skeletal muscles grow, compared to a rested-state, resulting in greater leucine retention in the body to build new proteins. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to validate this non-invasive breath test in females to increase the validity of the method in a wider range of populations. Ultimately, the results will further validate this non-invasive tool that can potentially detect whether different populations are sensitive to dietary amino acids and in a position to gain or lose lean body mass. Read Less

The purpose of this study is to assess the impact of 3-days reduced physical activity (\<1500 steps/day) with/without 'exercise snacks' (15 chair stands with calf raises every 30 min) on skeletal muscle metabolic health. Read Less

Simple bone cysts (SBCs) are cysts filled with fluid that occur most frequently in the long bones (arms or legs) of children. There are many ways to treat SBCs but it is unclear if one is better than another. The purpose of this research trial is to compare the effectiveness of two common treatments that are used by surgeons today. Read Less

Physical exercises and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) are both known to reduce chronic pain in structured laboratory studies. The aim of this study is to assess the efficacy of this combined treatment in clinical settings. Read Less

Chronic pain is one of the main factors influencing workers' retention at work. Considering that the prevalence of suffering from chronic pain increases with age, older workers are most likely to be absent from work because of their pain. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a treatment option to reduce chronic pain. This study aims to document the effect of tDCS on pain and work retention in older workers and to compare the traditional tDCS protocol (5 sessions) with an enhanced protocol (11 sessions). Read Less

In order to offer a new product improving the healing and/or rehabilitation of injuries or injuries to the wrist and hand, Médicus is seeking to develop a new orthosis for the wrist and hand by 3D printing. This project will focus on the development of an orthosis related to carpal tunnel syndrome as well as droopy hand. Among the issues to be addressed in this development proposal, the investigators find: 1) Identification of the best methodology for taking digital impressions; design of an orthosis with the following characteristics: (i) no external attachment system, (ii) spiral design with a thumb ring, (iii) manufacturing by 3D printing and (iv) a cost of less than $150 ;3) Performing technical and clinical trials. Read Less